Strong radiation damping in electron storage rings, however, has to be overcome before additional regions in phase space can become populated by particles and form stable islands. In the longitudinal phase space, a similar split can be produced by introducing an oscillation of the synchrotron phase via a modulation of the phase of the radiofrequency resonator. Within that novel operation mode, additional stable regions are produced in the horizontal phase space by operating an electron storage ring on a resonance that is driven by the nonlinear sextupole or octupole magnets. Recently, a novel operation method for synchrotron light sources with transversely split beams has been explored to fulfill the rising demand for flexible and high-throughput X-ray sources required in such diverse fields as time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy, molecular chemistry in organic cells, high-resolution medical imaging, quantum materials science or sustainable energy research.
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